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Diseases & Conditions

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Shoulder Diseases & Conditions

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Description

Shoulder diseases and conditions affect the joint's mobility and functionality due to its complex structure. Common issues include rotator cuff injuries, frozen shoulder, arthritis, and tendinitis, often leading to pain, stiffness, and difficulty in performing everyday activities. These conditions can result from trauma, overuse, inflammation, or age-related degeneration.

Causes

Shoulder conditions arise from various factors such as injuries, repetitive motion, and degenerative changes. Overuse, poor posture, and autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis can also contribute to inflammation or joint damage. Infections and prolonged immobility may occasionally cause shoulder problems.

Symptoms

Key symptoms include pain, restricted movement, stiffness, and swelling. Weakness and instability may occur, sometimes accompanied by clicking sounds or visible deformities. Persistent discomfort or difficulty in moving the arm warrants medical attention.

Elbow Diseases & Conditions

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Description

Elbow diseases and conditions can significantly impair joint function and mobility due to the complexity of the elbow joint. Common issues include tennis elbow, golfer's elbow, bursitis, and arthritis, often leading to pain, reduced range of motion, and difficulty performing daily tasks. These conditions can result from repetitive stress, direct injury, inflammation, or age-related wear and tear.

Causes

Elbow conditions can arise from several factors, including overuse, trauma, or degeneration of joint tissues. Repetitive motions, particularly in sports or jobs that require physical labor, can lead to conditions like tennis elbow. Poor posture, sudden injury, and underlying health conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or gout can also contribute to elbow joint issues.

Symptoms

Common symptoms include persistent pain, especially when using the arm or elbow, limited movement, and joint stiffness. Swelling, tenderness, and warmth around the elbow may occur, with some individuals experiencing weakness or instability. In more severe cases, the elbow may click or lock, causing difficulty in normal arm movement.

Hand & Wrist Diseases & Conditions

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Description

Hand and wrist diseases and conditions affect the joints, tendons, and ligaments, causing pain, discomfort, and limited functionality. Common conditions include carpal tunnel syndrome, arthritis, tendinitis, and fractures. These conditions often result from repetitive motions, trauma, or age-related degeneration, leading to difficulty in performing routine tasks that require hand or wrist movement.

Causes

Hand and wrist conditions can develop from repetitive activities such as typing, lifting, or manual labor, leading to stress on the joints and tissues. Trauma, such as fractures or sprains, can also contribute to pain and inflammation. Degenerative conditions like osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis can affect the joints, while autoimmune diseases, infections, and poor posture can also lead to hand and wrist issues.

Symptoms

Typical symptoms include pain, swelling, and tenderness in the hand or wrist, particularly after activity. Stiffness and limited range of motion are common, as well as tingling or numbness, especially in conditions like carpal tunnel syndrome. Weakness, difficulty gripping, and visible deformities may also occur in severe cases, requiring medical evaluation for proper treatment.

Hip Diseases & Conditions

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Description

Hip diseases and conditions affect the hip joint, which is crucial for mobility and weight-bearing. Common issues include osteoarthritis, hip fractures, bursitis, and tendonitis. These conditions often lead to pain, stiffness, and difficulty with walking or standing. Hip problems can arise from injury, aging, overuse, or underlying health conditions.

Causes

Hip problems are commonly caused by wear and tear over time, such as in osteoarthritis, or by sudden injuries like fractures or dislocations. Overuse and repetitive strain, especially in athletes, can lead to tendinitis or bursitis. Conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, infections, and congenital issues may also cause hip discomfort and dysfunction.

Symptoms

Symptoms typically include pain in the hip or groin, which may worsen with movement or weight-bearing activities. Stiffness, limited range of motion, and swelling are also common. In more severe cases, the hip may feel unstable or give way, making walking or standing difficult.

Knee Diseases & Conditions

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Description

Knee diseases and conditions affect the knee joint, which is vital for mobility and stability. Common knee issues include osteoarthritis, ligament injuries (like ACL tears), meniscus tears, and patellofemoral pain syndrome. These conditions can result in pain, swelling, instability, and limited range of motion, often interfering with everyday activities and physical movement.

Causes

Knee problems often stem from wear and tear over time, especially in osteoarthritis. Injuries such as ligament tears or meniscus damage are common in athletes or due to trauma. Overuse, improper movement mechanics, and aging contribute to knee pain. Conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, infections, or congenital abnormalities can also cause knee dysfunction.

Symptoms

Knee symptoms typically include pain, swelling, stiffness, and difficulty bending or straightening the knee. There may be a feeling of instability or weakness, especially when walking or climbing stairs. Clicking, popping, or grinding sensations are also common, particularly with cartilage damage or misalignment.

Foot & Ankle Diseases & Conditions

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Description

Foot and ankle diseases and conditions affect the structures that support and enable movement. Common issues include sprains, fractures, arthritis, tendonitis, and plantar fasciitis. These conditions can cause pain, swelling, instability, and difficulty with walking or standing, often impacting daily activities and overall mobility.

Causes

Foot and ankle problems are typically caused by injuries such as sprains, fractures, or strains. Overuse, poor footwear, and improper biomechanics can lead to conditions like plantar fasciitis or tendonitis. Degenerative conditions like arthritis can also affect the joints in the feet and ankles, while congenital deformities or infections may contribute to discomfort and dysfunction.

Symptoms

Symptoms of foot and ankle conditions include pain, swelling, bruising, and stiffness. There may be difficulty walking or bearing weight on the affected foot, as well as sensations of instability or weakness. In some cases, deformities like bunions or hammertoes may develop, causing additional discomfort.

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